今天來講如何成為有錢人。多少錢就算有錢人呀？像你這麼有錢就算有錢人，真的多少錢？這真的就像你這麼有錢就算有錢。
Today, let's talk about how to become wealthy. How much money makes someone rich? If you have as much money as you do, you're considered wealthy. But really, how much money? It's truly like saying you're wealthy if you have as much as you do.
《富爸爸，窮爸爸》這本書就是講怎麼成為有錢人的。這本書最早是2000年出版的，由於賣得特別好，所以後來出了一個系列，都叫富爸爸什麼什麼，富爸爸什麼什麼的，沒有叫窮爸爸。
"Rich Dad Poor Dad." This book is about how to become wealthy. It was first published in 2000, and because it sold extremely well, they later released a whole series, all called "Rich Dad this" and "Rich Dad that," but never "Poor Dad."
很難因為看一本書就成為有錢人，人家就是告訴你怎麼成為有錢人，就比如說如何成為會計師，看完的人不能都成為會計師，看你個人的造化跟努力，也得看命。
It's difficult to become wealthy just by reading a book. The book tells you how to become wealthy, just like a book about becoming an accountant doesn't make everyone who reads it an accountant. It depends on your personal fortune, effort, and destiny.
那麼不管大家對於錢的看法是如何，錢始終對我們生活來說是非常重要的一個東西，所以我們應該勇敢地去學習一下。
Regardless of everyone's views on money, money remains a very important aspect of our lives, so we should bravely learn about it.
教你變有錢的理財暢銷書《富爸爸，窮爸爸》
（資料來源：Amazon.com）
《富爸爸，窮爸爸》是一本長期佔據排行榜的投資理財暢銷書，甚至出到了20週年紀念版。這本書的作者總共有兩位，一位是日裔美國人企業家羅伯特．清崎（Robert Kiyosaki），是一位企業家投資家，今年已經74歲了。還有一位叫莎倫·萊希特，是一個會計師。富爸爸系列書籍更在全球翻譯成51種語言、暢銷4100萬冊以上。
"Rich Dad Poor Dad" is a long-standing bestseller in investment and personal finance that has even reached a 20th anniversary edition. The book has two authors: one is Japanese-American entrepreneur Robert Kiyosaki, an entrepreneur and investor who is now 74 years old. The other is Sharon Lechter, an accountant. The Rich Dad series has been translated into 51 languages worldwide and has sold over 41 million copies.
其實這本書講了一個故事，就是羅伯特·清崎他自己的故事。在夏威夷長大的作者羅伯特清崎，他的財務價值觀來自於兩個爸爸的引導，一個是親生父親「窮爸爸」，另一個是他朋友麥克的父親「富爸爸」，是好幾家連鎖雜貨店的老闆。他小時候就發現，這個窮爸爸和富爸爸給孩子講的東西是完全不同的，會嚴重影響他們的人生。
This book actually tells a story - Robert Kiyosaki's own story. Growing up in Hawaii, author Robert Kiyosaki's financial values came from the guidance of two fathers: one was his biological father, the "Poor Dad," and the other was his friend Mike's father, the "Rich Dad," who owned several chain grocery stores. As a child, he discovered that what Poor Dad and Rich Dad taught their children was completely different and would seriously impact their lives.
變有錢的方式來自作者自身經歷？
其實書裡邊這兩個爸爸，就是完全相反兩個形象的人。窮爸爸的形象，就是我們通常認為一個非常優秀的形象。窮爸爸和富爸爸小時候，這個窮爸爸就學習好，富爸爸就學習不好。後來窮爸爸考上了一個非常好的大學，富爸爸學習不好，很早就到社會上開始打拼了。
In fact, these two fathers in the book represent completely opposite types of people. Poor Dad's image is what we usually consider a very excellent figure. When Poor Dad and Rich Dad were young, Poor Dad was good at studying while Rich Dad was not. Later, Poor Dad got into a very good university, while Rich Dad, being poor at studies, entered society early to work hard.
然後窮爸爸大學畢業以後，以優異的成績考上了公務員，獲得了一份穩定的工作，人人都羨慕的工作。而且在接下來的十年，這個窮爸爸非常努力，一直升官，最後還當上了當地的教育部長。這個羅伯特清崎的父親，就是夏威夷的教育部部長，他是在夏威夷長大的。但是最後因為和上級發生了一些矛盾，不得不在中年的時候辞職了。當這個窮爸爸辞職之後開始找工作的時候，這個富爸爸就已經是富豪了。
After graduating from university, Poor Dad got a civil service job with excellent grades, obtaining stable employment that everyone envied. Over the next ten years, Poor Dad worked very hard, continuously getting promoted, and eventually became the local education minister. Robert Kiyosaki's father was Hawaii's education minister, as he grew up in Hawaii. However, due to conflicts with superiors, he had to resign in middle age. When Poor Dad resigned and started looking for work, Rich Dad had already become wealthy.
這本書的敘事方式非常引人入勝，從作者年幼的故事說起，一路談到他出社會、創業的種種經歷。書中挑戰一般讀者常接受到「中產階級家庭」的財務教育，將「富人」的思維模式以富爸爸的口吻娓娓道來，我甚至聽過許多人稱這本書為理財啟蒙之書。
The book's narrative style is very engaging, starting from the author's childhood stories and covering his experiences entering society and starting businesses. The book challenges the financial education commonly accepted by "middle-class families" and presents the "wealthy" mindset through Rich Dad's voice. I've even heard many people call this book their financial enlightenment book.
不同教育理念？追求有錢還是幸福？
那麼作者的爸爸，也就是這個窮爸爸小時候就告訴他說：「你要好好學習，長大了考上一個好的大學，畢業之後當上公務員，就一生無憂了。」我想很多父母跟孩子都說過這些話，是吧？
The author's father, Poor Dad, told him as a child: "You must study hard, get into a good university when you grow up, and become a civil servant after graduation, then you'll have no worries for life." I think many parents have said these words to their children, right?
而富爸爸跟他的孩子說的話完全相反，富爸爸說：「你不要追求穩定，也不要追求一份工作，你唯一需要追求的東西就是機會。」
Rich Dad told his children the complete opposite. Rich Dad said: "Don't pursue stability, and don't pursue a job. The only thing you need to pursue is opportunities."
那麼這兩個父親誰說得對呢？很明顯，一個是窮爸爸，一個是富爸爸，當然是富爸爸說得對。那是結果論，可是也許窮爸爸過得更幸福呢？有可能，這只是窮和富的問題，不是幸福不幸福。
So which of these two fathers was right? Obviously, one is Poor Dad and one is Rich Dad, so of course Rich Dad was right. That's result-based reasoning, but maybe Poor Dad lived more happily? It's possible. This is just a matter of poor versus rich, not happiness versus unhappiness.
那麼作者就通過富爸爸的話，再加上個人實踐，最後就總結出來，成為有錢人的唯一方法就是投資。
Through Rich Dad's words and personal practice, the author concluded that the only way to become wealthy is through investment.
成為有錢人核心觀念
（示意圖由AI生成）
一、有錢人不為錢工作
在閱讀的過程中，前半段讓我感到熱血沸騰、受到啟發，翻新了傳統中產階級家庭教育的金錢觀（我是公務員體系家庭出身）。但後半段我漸漸感到不對勁，作者對於金錢的愛好、對於賺錢手段的追逐，讓我開始冷靜下來思考其中的不合理之處。
During the reading process, the first half made me feel excited and inspired, revolutionizing the traditional middle-class family education's view of money (I come from a civil servant family background). But gradually in the second half, I felt something was wrong. The author's love of money and pursuit of money-making methods made me start to think calmly about the unreasonable aspects.
羅伯特清崎從富爸爸的言行舉止之中，發現到「中產階級為金錢而工作。但是富人不為錢工作，他們讓錢為他們工作。」我很喜歡這段文字背後的精神，關於富人如何看待金錢，這段文字提供了兩個很棒的觀念。
From Rich Dad's words and actions, Robert Kiyosaki discovered that "the middle class works for money. But the rich don't work for money; they make money work for them." I really like the spirit behind these words. Regarding how the wealthy view money, this passage provides two great concepts.
第一，富人並非不工作就能賺錢。許多富人甚至比中產階級更熱愛自己的工作。富人透過許多有挑戰性的工作，不斷成長與拓展見聞。他們透過工作獲得更多的靈感、洞見和商業思維。他們看的不僅是工作薪水的「當下價格」，而是透過工作所學提升自己的「未來價值」
First, the rich don't make money without working. Many wealthy people even love their work more than the middle class does. The wealthy grow and expand their knowledge through many challenging jobs. They gain more inspiration, insights, and business thinking through work. They look not only at the "current price" of their work salary but at improving their "future value" through what they learn from work.
第二，富人重視投資、而非消費。富爸爸雖然有錢，但是非常節儉，他開便宜車、住便宜房。中產階級反而時常落入一個惡性循環，貸款買好車、買好房、買奢侈品，看似物質生活富足了，卻終其一生透過勞力換取薪水。富人專心投資金錢在資產上，用資產滾出來的利息和盈餘進行消費。
Second, the rich value investment over consumption. Although Rich Dad had money, he was very frugal, driving cheap cars and living in cheap houses. The middle class often falls into a vicious cycle, taking loans to buy good cars, good houses, and luxury goods. While their material life seems affluent, they spend their entire lives exchanging labor for wages. The wealthy focus on investing money in assets and use the interest and profits generated by assets for consumption.
二、有錢人培養財務智商：資產、負債、現金流
那麼什麼叫投資？投資就是把你的錢不斷地換成資產的這個過程叫投資。那麼什麼叫資產？所謂的資產就是能夠帶來正向資金流的東西，換句話說就是能夠幫你賺錢的東西叫資產。負債就是幫你花錢的東西。車就是標準的負債，買的時候也要花錢，維持它也要花錢。
So what is investment? Investment is the process of continuously converting your money into assets. What are assets? Assets are things that can bring positive cash flow, in other words, things that help you make money are called assets. Liabilities are things that help you spend money. Cars are standard liabilities - you spend money when buying them and also spend money maintaining them.
這本書讓我最印象深刻的，就是看懂「現金流」的概念，進一步提高自己的財務智商。羅伯特清崎把人們擁有的事物區分成「資產」和「負債」兩種，他定義「資產就是能把錢放進口袋裡的東西，負債就是把錢從你口袋取走的東西。」
What impressed me most about this book was understanding the concept of "cash flow" and further improving my financial intelligence. Robert Kiyosaki divides what people own into two categories: "assets" and "liabilities." He defines "assets as things that put money in your pocket, and liabilities as things that take money out of your pocket."
而如果你買了個東西，用了這個東西沒了，這個叫消費，不是資產也不是負債。有時候消費要比負債還好一點，因為負債不斷地花你的錢，消費一下就完了。
If you buy something and use it until it's gone, this is called consumption - it's neither an asset nor a liability. Sometimes consumption is better than liabilities because liabilities continuously spend your money, while consumption is over once you're done.
從現金流圖可以一目瞭然看出，窮人的現金流，大概就是收入和支出打平，無法累積足夠的資產，也很難向銀行借貸。中產階級的現金流，除了花錢消費之外，還必須繳納許多的貸款，如果沒有累積資產的概念，一輩子很可能陷入依靠勞力工作償貸的循環。
From the cash flow diagram, you can clearly see that poor people's cash flow basically breaks even between income and expenses, unable to accumulate sufficient assets and finding it difficult to borrow from banks. Middle-class cash flow, besides spending money on consumption, must also pay many loans. Without the concept of accumulating assets, they may be trapped in a lifetime cycle of relying on labor to work and repay debts.
富人則是盡可能累積資產，用資產滾出來的利息（例如股票債券的利息、房地產收的租金）支應生活，而且盡可能減少負債。「窮人只有支出。中產階級買他們以為是資產的負債。富人買入資產。」這個概念，足以開拓你的財務視野，讓你用不同角度去思考自己身處的財務象限。
The wealthy accumulate assets as much as possible and use the interest generated by assets (such as interest from stocks and bonds, rent collected from real estate) to support their lives, while minimizing liabilities as much as possible. "The poor only have expenses. The middle class buys liabilities they think are assets. The rich buy assets." This concept is enough to broaden your financial perspective and make you think about your financial quadrant from different angles.
那麼作者就說了，一般人幾乎所有的錢都用在消費上，然後就是購買那些你認為是資產的負債，很少有人能夠買到真正的資產。也就是說你正在把你辛苦賺來的錢不斷地變成垃圾。作者認為只要是不能賺錢的東西都是垃圾。當然這個說法非常極端，有些消費是必須的，而且有些消費能夠帶來一些喜悅、滿足感、一些無形的價值。但是在錢這個層面上，它們確實都是垃圾。
The author said that ordinary people spend almost all their money on consumption, then purchase liabilities they think are assets. Very few people can buy real assets. In other words, you are constantly turning your hard-earned money into garbage. The author believes that anything that can't make money is garbage. Of course, this statement is very extreme. Some consumption is necessary, and some consumption can bring joy, satisfaction, and some intangible value. But on the money level, they are indeed all garbage.
房產：資產還是負債？
那麼在負債和資產這個問題上，有一個非常複雜的東西就是房產。如果你是貸款買房的，那它就是負債，因為你要還貸款，花錢。如果你一下子買下來了，然後以一個不錯的價錢租出去，它就不斷賺錢，那它就是資產。如果你買了也不租出去，只是自己住的話，那它就是負債，因為你要不斷地交管理費、維持費用。
Regarding liabilities and assets, real estate is a very complex thing. If you buy a house with a loan, then it's a liability because you have to repay the loan and spend money. If you buy it outright and then rent it out at a good price so it continuously makes money, then it's an asset. If you buy it but don't rent it out and just live in it yourself, then it's a liability because you have to continuously pay management fees and maintenance costs.
那麼反過來說，如果你房子即使有貸款，但是這個房子不斷地升值，最後你能還上貸款還賺很多的話，那這個房子就是一個資產。所以它是一個很複雜的東西。
Conversely, if your house appreciates continuously even with a loan, and you can eventually pay off the loan and still make a lot of money, then this house is an asset. So it's a very complex thing.
那麼由於沒有人可以預測房價，所以你現在能租出去、就能賺錢的房子，我們通常認為它就是資產。現在沒有給你賺錢的房子，那就是負債，在不考慮未來價值的情況之下。
Since no one can predict housing prices, houses that you can currently rent out and make money from are usually considered assets. Houses that don't currently make you money are liabilities, without considering future value.
所以對於大部分人來說，房產是一個非常大的負債。其實投資房產本身也是一個非常長期的投資策略，想靠它成為有錢人是很難的。
So for most people, real estate is a very large liability. Actually, investing in real estate itself is a very long-term investment strategy, and it's difficult to become wealthy relying on it.
三、為學習而工作，而不是為了變有錢
羅伯特清崎雖然在言談之間，充滿了對「受雇工作」中產階級的嘲弄，但是「為學習而工作」這個概念，倒是值得劃線深思。我們可以警惕自己的是，是否單純為了工作的薪水，付出了勞力和時間，過程中卻沒有任何的成長？然而，富人從事工作的目標，除了錢之外往往還有更多的意圖。
Although Robert Kiyosaki's words are full of mockery toward the "employed" middle class, the concept of "working to learn" is worth underlining and deep consideration. We can be vigilant about whether we are simply putting in labor and time for a job's salary without any growth in the process. However, wealthy people's goals in work often have more intentions beyond money.
作者鼓勵讀者突破框架，打破要在一個行業裡面深度鑽研的執著，勇於嘗試不同的公司業務，甚至在不同產業之間切換。重點是接觸不同的刺激、不斷學習新事物，讓自己觸類旁通掌握更多跨領域技能。舉個例子，你以為羅伯特清崎很會投資？他其實最會的是行銷自己的書和課程（笑）。
The author encourages readers to break through frameworks, abandon the obsession with deep specialization in one industry, and bravely try different company businesses or even switch between different industries. The key is to encounter different stimulations, continuously learn new things, and master more cross-disciplinary skills through analogy. For example, do you think Robert Kiyosaki is good at investing? What he's actually best at is marketing his own books and courses (laugh).
在《黑馬思維》書中的這段話，也給了對自己工作迷惘的人們一個勇敢的方向：「起初自以為的熱情，不一定要堅持不懈，途中做出改變或放棄，並不是一件羞耻的事。而是在邁向目標的過程中，依據自己內在的動力，去調整和適應新的方向，逐步打造出屬於自己的熱情。」
This passage from the book "Dark Horse" also gives people confused about their work a brave direction: "The passion you initially think you have doesn't necessarily need to be persisted with. Making changes or giving up along the way is not a shameful thing. Rather, in the process of moving toward goals, adjust and adapt to new directions based on your internal motivation, gradually building your own passion."
稅收的歷史和公司的力量
直到書中這一段談稅務與公司的部分，徹底敲醒了我的警鐘。羅伯特清崎毫不掩飾地透露出一個訊息「有錢人懂得用公司來避稅」。對我而言，這根本是一種「倒果為因」的態度，對於金錢的追尋，大可不必至此。
It wasn't until this section about taxation and corporations in the book that my alarm bells were completely awakened. Robert Kiyosaki unabashedly reveals the message that "wealthy people know how to use corporations to avoid taxes." For me, this is fundamentally a "putting the cart before the horse" attitude. The pursuit of money need not go to such extremes.
成立公司的目的，應該是透過產出服務或商品，提供給整體社會更多的價值，公司稅務的優勢只是隨之而來的副產品。如果把方向弄顛倒，先為了避稅與節稅的手段而開立公司，這不就是令人最討厭的富人嘴臉？羅伯特清崎的文字中，充滿了濃濃的後者意味。
The purpose of establishing a company should be to provide more value to society as a whole through producing services or goods. Corporate tax advantages are just by-products that come along. If you reverse the direction and first establish a company as a means of tax avoidance and tax savings, isn't this the most detestable face of the wealthy? Robert Kiyosaki's words are full of the latter meaning.
成為有錢人的六個關鍵步驟
那麼大家也可以用資產和負債的定義，去套用你身邊的所有東西，你來看看你擁有的東西，哪些是資產，哪些是負債。作者說，你要想成為有錢人，就要盡可能地多保留資產，減少負債。這就是這本書的一個結論。具體應該怎麼做呢？這個作者也給出了六個關鍵點。
Everyone can also apply the definitions of assets and liabilities to everything around you. Look at what you own - which are assets and which are liabilities. The author says that if you want to become wealthy, you should retain as many assets as possible and reduce liabilities. This is one conclusion of this book. So what exactly should be done? The author also provided six key points.
第一步：增加收入就有錢了
想要購買資產的話，就一定先得有些錢，這是一個基礎。不一定要到買到房子那麼多錢，有一點就可以。大家注意，這本書是教大家如何成為有錢人，就是如何讓你變成比爾蓋茲的，而不是讓你從現在一個月5萬變成10萬的。所以要怎麼增加你自己的收入呢？大家可以自己想辦法，比如說增加點副業。
If you want to buy assets, you must first have some money - this is fundamental. You don't need enough money to buy a house; having a little is enough. Everyone note that this book teaches how to become wealthy, how to make you become Bill Gates, not how to go from earning 50,000 per month to 100,000 per month. So how do you increase your income? Everyone can figure out their own ways, such as adding some side businesses.
第二步：想要有錢就得減少消費
其實就是減少不必要的浪費。賺錢不容易，不要亂花錢。你省下了每一筆錢，都可以用來投資的。
This is actually about reducing unnecessary waste. Making money isn't easy, so don't spend it carelessly. Every bit of money you save can be used for investment.
第三步：勇於嘗試和冒險才能變更有錢
他說不敢嘗試和冒險的人，是不可能成為有錢人的。就是你把所有的錢都存到銀行裡吃利息，最終也不會有錢。不過大家要注意控制風險，要冒險不等於要自殺。
He says people who dare not try and take risks cannot possibly become wealthy. Even if you put all your money in the bank to earn interest, you won't ultimately become wealthy. However, everyone should pay attention to controlling risks - taking risks doesn't mean committing suicide.
第四步：有錢人不工作而是創業
靠工資是永遠不可能成為有錢人的，因為工資是有上限的。
Relying on wages will never make you wealthy because wages have an upper limit.
第五步：有錢人必定想盡辦法節稅
他說稅實質上是阻礙一般人成為有錢人的一個最大的屏障。按理來說，只要你工資足夠高的話，經過一定的積累，都有可能成為有錢人。但事實上你工資再高，然後你也很節省，不怎麼亂花錢，你也不可能成為有錢人，就是因為稅的存在。
He says taxes are essentially the biggest barrier preventing ordinary people from becoming wealthy. In theory, as long as your salary is high enough, you could become wealthy through certain accumulation. But in reality, no matter how high your salary is, and even if you're very frugal and don't spend money carelessly, you still can't become wealthy because of the existence of taxes.
大家可能不知道，有錢人的稅和普通人的稅是不一樣的，因為有錢人和普通人的收入類型是不同的。收入類型大概有三種類型：
Everyone might not know that wealthy people's taxes are different from ordinary people's taxes because wealthy people and ordinary people have different types of income. There are roughly three types of income.
第一種叫勞動所得，就是你幹活才能賺到錢，工資之類的，不幹活就沒有。這種也叫主動收入。
The first is called earned income - you can only make money by working, like wages. If you don't work, you don't have income. This is also called active income.
第二種叫做資本利得，就是通過資本交易獲得的收入，比如說股票的買賣、房地產的買賣獲得的收入叫資本利得，也就是投資收入，屬於被動收入的一種。
The second is called capital gains - income obtained through capital transactions, such as income from buying and selling stocks or real estate. This is called capital gains, which is investment income and belongs to a type of passive income.
第三個叫現金流，就是你什麼都不用幹，那個錢就不停地往裡進的。比如說房租收入，還有就是利息股息，這些都是標準被動收入。
The third is called cash flow - money that keeps coming in without you having to do anything. For example, rental income, as well as interest and dividends - these are all standard passive income.
那麼大部分普通人都是第一種，就是勞動所得收工資的，而有錢人一般是後兩種，就是資本利得現金流，也就是被動收入。
Most ordinary people belong to the first type - earning wages through labor, while wealthy people generally belong to the latter two types - capital gains and cash flow, which is passive income.
在大部分國家，被動收入稅率要遠遠低於主動收入稅，甚至有些國家被動收入是沒有稅。所以有錢人很多是不需要繳稅，而上班族的勞動所得在大部分國家都是累進稅制。全球個人所得稅最高的國家是丹麥，最高稅率達到60%以上。亞洲最高的是日本，55%。所以就是有錢人幾乎不繳稅，而普通人有可能要交掉一半的稅。
In most countries, passive income tax rates are much lower than active income taxes, and in some countries, there are no taxes on passive income. So many wealthy people don't need to pay taxes, while office workers' earned income is subject to progressive tax systems in most countries. The country with the highest personal income tax globally is Denmark, with a maximum tax rate of over 60%. The highest in Asia is Japan at 55%. So wealthy people pay almost no taxes, while ordinary people might have to pay half their income in taxes.
不知道大家是否注意到，最近有一個新聞，就是說世界首富那些人，比爾蓋茲、貝佐斯、巴菲特那些人，每年實際交的稅不足1%。就是因為他們大部分都是股票，就是投資所得，不賣的話就不算收入，賣的話稅率也相當低。所以他們屬於合理地避掉大部分稅。
I wonder if everyone noticed recent news saying that the world's richest people - Bill Gates, Bezos, Buffett - actually pay less than 1% in taxes annually. This is because most of their wealth is in stocks, which is investment income. If they don't sell, it doesn't count as income, and if they do sell, the tax rate is quite low. So they legally avoid most taxes.
成為有錢人最重要的一步：學會管理資產和負債
就是你要花很多時間去學習一些金融知識。你如果不理解金融知識的話，你就永遠無法成為大富豪。事實上就是這個部分造成了99%看了這本書的人也沒有成為大富豪，因為他看完這本書而已，並沒有去繼續學習一些金融知識。
You need to spend a lot of time learning financial knowledge. If you don't understand financial knowledge, you can never become very wealthy. In fact, this is why 99% of people who read this book don't become wealthy - they just read the book but don't continue learning financial knowledge.
學校沒教你的：有錢人都是什麼樣的人？
其實我剛才說的資產也好、稅也好，都是非常重要的金融概念。你如果了解的話，就知道怎麼去運作這個事情。但是大部分人並不了解，原因是什麼？學校從來沒有教過。因為我們的學校，並不是為培養有錢人而存在的。作者說這個世界上的人分為四種。
Whether it's assets or taxes that I mentioned earlier, these are all very important financial concepts. If you understand them, you know how to operate these things. But most people don't understand them. Why? Schools have never taught them. Because our schools don't exist to cultivate wealthy people. The author says that people in this world can be divided into four types.
四種人的財富象限：有錢人屬於這兩種！
第一個叫雇員，就是被雇用的人，領工資的。
The first is called employees - people who are employed and receive wages.
第二個是專家，就是自雇的人。
The second is specialists - self-employed people who earn one payment for one job.
第三種是指雇用別人替自己賺錢的，也就是經營者、老闆。
The third type refers to those who employ others to make money for them - what we often call business owners or entrepreneurs.
第四種叫投資者，是用錢為自己賺錢的。
The fourth type is called investors - they use money to make money for themselves.
我們這個世界上所有賺錢的人，都屬於這四種人中的某一種。而我們的學校、我們的教育只培養兩種人，就是雇員和專家。
All money-making people in this world belong to one of these four types. Our schools and education only cultivate two types of people: employees and specialists.
那麼雇員和專家，就是用自己的勞力和時間來賺錢，而自己勞力和時間一定是有上限的，所以賺的錢是有上限的。而企業家和投資者，賺的錢就沒有上限，所以只有他們有可能成為有錢人。
Employees and specialists use their own labor and time to make money, and one's labor and time definitely have limits, so the money they can earn has limits. Business owners and investors have no limits on the money they can earn, so only they have the possibility of becoming wealthy.
當然可能有人會認為，就像專業人士、醫生律師好像也挺有錢，是吧？也開名車，住豪宅。但是這種工資高和有錢人，是完全不同一個層面的東西。工資再高你也是工薪階層。
Of course, some people might think that professionals like doctors and lawyers seem quite wealthy, right? They also drive luxury cars and live in mansions. But having a high salary and being wealthy are completely different levels. No matter how high your salary is, you're still in the working class.
作者這麼說，其實並不是說工薪階層有什麼不好，他只是希望大家能夠明白，就是有錢人和工資高是完全兩個概念。
The author saying this doesn't mean there's anything wrong with the working class. He just hopes everyone can understand that being wealthy and having a high salary are completely different concepts.
那麼由於學校並不培養有錢人，所以學校就沒有必要教給我們稅的知識、資產的知識，你不需要知道，被動收入你都不需要知道。
Since schools don't cultivate wealthy people, schools have no need to teach us about taxes, assets - you don't need to know about them, and you don't even need to know about passive income.
當然這個事情也不能完全怪學校了。我們人在小時候成長起來的過程，學習知識有兩個途徑，一個是學校，另一個是家庭。學校不教家裡可以教，但是很遺憾，我們的爸爸都是窮爸爸，他們也不知道，所以就注定我們不知道。而比爾蓋茲，即使不去學校也沒關係，他有一個富媽媽。
Of course, we can't completely blame schools for this. During our childhood growth process, there are two ways to learn knowledge: one is school, the other is family. If schools don't teach it, families can teach it, but unfortunately, our fathers are all poor dads - they don't know either, so we're destined not to know. As for Bill Gates, even if he didn't go to school it wouldn't matter because he had a rich mom.
這也可以解釋大家一直以來可能有的一個疑惑，就是為什麼很多人都是退了學之後才成為有錢人的？因為大學對於他們成為首富沒有任何的幫助，真正對他們有幫助的只是家庭。所以退學對他們來說沒有任何的影響，而你退學就不行。
This can also explain a confusion many people might have had: why do many people become wealthy only after dropping out of school? Because university provides no help for them to become the richest people. What really helps them is only their family. So dropping out has no impact on them, but if you drop out, it won't work.
有錢人的財富競賽的比喻
這本書其實告訴大家一個事實，就說我們全世界的人都在財富這個跑道上奔跑，跑在前面的就是有錢人，跑在後面的就是沒錢人。那麼前面的人和後面的人已經距離很遠了，前面都看不見了。那麼我們怎麼才能追上去成為有錢人呢？開車！沒錯，這本書就告訴你，其實有車的存在，前面那些人你都看不見，他們都開著車，你在後面還得拼命地跑，肯定追不上。你要追上，唯一的方法就是你也開上車。
This book actually tells everyone a fact: all people in the world are running on the wealth track. Those running in front are the wealthy, and those running behind are the poor. The people in front and those behind are already very far apart - you can't even see the front anymore. So how can we catch up and become wealthy? Drive! That's right, this book tells you that cars actually exist. You can't see those people in front because they're all driving cars, while you're still desperately running behind - you definitely can't catch up. To catch up, the only way is for you to also get in a car.
但是很遺憾的是什麼？就是即使給你一輛車，你也不會開。學校沒教過你怎麼開，你爸你媽也不會開，所以你也不會開。前面的人也不會跑回來告訴你怎麼開，所以你就要花時間自己去研究怎麼開。等你學會了，你才能加速離開後面，到前面去。當然能不能追上，就看你自己的造化了。
But what's unfortunate? Even if you're given a car, you don't know how to drive it. School never taught you how to drive, your parents don't know how to drive either, so you don't know how to drive. The people in front won't run back to tell you how to drive, so you have to spend time researching how to drive yourself. Only when you learn can you accelerate away from the back and go to the front. Of course, whether you can catch up depends on your own fortune.
最可怕的是什麼？就是你拿到車的時候，你想我有它我就能追上去，於是根本沒學怎麼開，一腳油踩下去，你八成就是撞牆上。所以一定要先沉下心來好好學習。有錢人都非常懂金融的，你得先和他們一樣都懂金融知識，能夠開車了，你才能慢慢地去追上他。
What's most terrifying? When you get the car, you think "I have it so I can catch up," so you don't learn how to drive at all. You step on the gas and you'll probably crash into a wall and die. So you must first calm down and study well. Wealthy people are very knowledgeable about finance. You must first be like them and understand financial knowledge, be able to drive, before you can slowly catch up with them.
變有錢的兩種途徑：企業家 vs 投資者
那麼企業家和投資者，成為哪一個更好一點？這個其實是這本書裡很大的一個爭論點，就是說這個羅伯特清崎比較傾向於大家成為投資者，但是其實成為投資者他放在最後，就是最難的一個。
So between entrepreneurs and investors, which one is better to become? This is actually a big point of debate in this book. Robert Kiyosaki tends to prefer everyone becoming investors, but actually he puts becoming an investor last - it's the most difficult one.
大家都覺得成為投資者比較簡單，企業多難呢？但其實看上去越簡單的事情，實質上就越難，因為人人都可以做，想成功就非常難。
Everyone thinks becoming an investor is simpler. How difficult is running a business? But actually, things that look simpler are essentially more difficult, because everyone can do them, so succeeding becomes very difficult.
投資就能變有錢？投資者的七個等級
羅伯特清崎說，投資者分為七個等級：
Robert Kiyosaki said that investors can be divided into seven levels:
第一個等級叫一無所有的投資者。其實他不能算是投資者，他們把所有的錢都花費在了負債、花費在消費上面，而且他們以為他那些負債是投資。他說世界上一半的人都是這樣。
The first level is called investors with nothing. Actually, they can't be considered investors. They spend all their money on liabilities and consumption, and they think those liabilities are investments. He says half the world's people are like this.
第二個借錢投資者。就是說自己沒什麼錢，但想一下賺很多的錢，就需要很多的錢，於是就去借錢投資。這種非常可怕，風險太高，基本上就屬於賭博。這種也不能算是真正的投資者。
The second is borrowing investors. They don't have much money themselves but want to make a lot of money quickly, so they need a lot of money and go borrow money to invest. This is very scary, with too high risk, basically gambling. This also can't be considered real investors.
第三種叫儲蓄投資者。就是把所有的錢都存起來吃利息那種。這種雖然很穩定，但是他也不能算是投資者，因為利息終究是沒有通脹的速度快，最終肯定是賠錢。
The third type is called saving investors. They put all their money in savings to earn interest. Although this is very stable, they also can't be considered investors because interest ultimately can't keep up with inflation speed, so they'll definitely lose money in the end.
從第四種開始，才漸漸進入投資領域。
Starting from the fourth type, they gradually enter the investment field.
第四種叫聰明投資者。這些人通常受過高等教育，投資意識也很強，但是對於各個領域的研究都不是很深刻的。比如說稅務、法律、公司運營、怎麼看財務報表都不知道，但只是覺得這個好像好就買點這個，那個好像好就買點那個那種。
The fourth type is called smart investors. These people usually have higher education and strong investment awareness, but their research in various fields isn't very deep. For example, they don't know about taxation, law, company operations, or how to read financial statements, but they just feel this seems good so they buy some of this, that seems good so they buy some of that.
他說聰明的投資者又分為三類：
He says smart investors are divided into three categories:
第一類叫做「別煩我型」，就說我想投哪個就投哪個，你們專家不用說，說那些沒有用，我不聽他們的。當然也包括什麼，就是說把所有錢完全都交給專家，自己就不管了，這也叫「別煩我型」。
The first category is called "don't bother me type" - I'll invest in whatever I want, you experts don't need to say anything, that stuff is useless, I don't listen to them. Of course, this also includes completely giving all money to experts and not managing it yourself - this is also called "don't bother me type."
第二種叫「憤世嫉俗型」，也叫抵觸型。就這些人對投資好像很明白，但是他們不投資。哦，那就過於謹慎。
The second type is called "cynical type," also called resistant type. These people seem to understand investment very well, but they don't invest. Oh, that's being overly cautious.
第三種「賭徒型」，認為投資就是賭，願意嘗試買各種各樣的東西，哪個風險高我就買哪個，實質上沒有什麼特別的理由。
The third type is "gambler type" - they think investment is gambling, willing to try buying all kinds of things. Whatever has high risk, they buy it, essentially without any special reason.
好，這是第四種聰明的投資者，已經進入投資領域了。
Okay, this is the fourth type called smart investors - they've already entered the investment field.
第五種叫長期投資者。這種屬於標準的、真正意義上投資者。這些人有非常專業的知識，基本上都有長期的投資規劃。他們會通過一些小額的投資，不斷地學習市場，學習怎麼投資，也會去虛心聽取一些專家的意見。他說大部分百萬富翁都是這個級別。
The fifth type is called long-term investors. This type belongs to standard, truly meaningful investors. These people have very professional knowledge and basically all have long-term investment plans. They continuously learn about the market and how to invest through some small investments, and they humbly listen to some expert opinions. He says most millionaires are at this level.
其實到第五種，這都屬於外部投資者，就是說我投的都是別人的公司，我對內部的事情沒有那麼了解，雖然我有研究，但是我是在市場上混的。而下兩種就屬於內部投資者，就是最高等級的。
Actually, up to the fifth type, these all belong to external investors - meaning I invest in other people's companies, I don't understand internal affairs that well. Although I do research, I'm operating in the market. The next two types belong to internal investors - the highest levels.
第六等就是成熟投資者。他們比長期投資者更有錢，投資的量更大。他們也幾乎不做分散投資，他們之所以敢把大量的錢投入到某一個領域或者是某一個企業，是因為他們是這個領域或者這個企業的專家。巴菲特就屬於這個類型。
The sixth level is sophisticated investors. They have more money than long-term investors and invest in larger amounts. They also almost never diversify their investments. The reason they dare to put large amounts of money into a particular field or enterprise is because they are experts in that field or enterprise. Buffett belongs to this type.
其實第五等和第六等，就是一般有錢人和真正有錢人的一個分水嶺。他們的最大的區別，就是敢不敢於冒險。第五種不太冒險，做小額投資比較多，但是第六種，他都已經能撼動市場了，所以他敢投很多。
Actually, the fifth and sixth levels are a watershed between generally wealthy people and truly wealthy people. Their biggest difference is whether they dare to take risks. The fifth type doesn't take much risk and does more small investments, but the sixth type can already shake the market, so they dare to invest a lot.
第七種就叫資本家。世界上只有少數人達到這個境界。他們實質上是投資的另一端，什麼意思？他們做一個公司，然後發行股票，然後把股票賣給你，實質上你投資的就是他，他才接受投資。他們通過利用別人的時間、別人的錢、別人的頭腦來為自己賺錢。所以這是投資的最高境界，投資的最高境界就是被投資。到了這個級別，你就可以成為首富了。
The seventh type is called capitalists. Only a few people in the world reach this realm. They are essentially on the other end of investment. What does this mean? They create a company, then issue stocks, then sell the stocks to you. Essentially, you're investing in them - they're the ones accepting investment. They make money for themselves by utilizing other people's time, other people's money, and other people's brains. So this is the highest realm of investment - the highest realm of investment is being invested in. At this level, you can become the richest person.
（資料來源：Youtube - Motiversity, RICH VS POOR MINDSET | An Eye Opening Interview with Robert Kiyosaki）
照做就能變有錢？其實作者沒告訴你…
有錢的「富爸爸」真有其人？
富爸爸是虛構的。羅伯特清崎在1992年出版他寫的「第一本書」《如果你想變有錢又快樂，別去上學》，教父母與其送孩子去學校，倒不如教他們怎麼投資房地產。在書中他稱讚自己的親生父親 Ralph H. Kiyosaki 是他此生「最好的老師」。
Rich Dad is fictional. Robert Kiyosaki published his "first book" in 1992, "If You Want to Be Rich and Happy, Don't Go to School," teaching parents that instead of sending children to school, they should teach them how to invest in real estate. In the book, he praised his biological father Ralph H. Kiyosaki as the "best teacher" of his life.
在後來1997年出版的《富爸爸窮爸爸》書中，曾經是最好的老師的親生父親，卻成了他口中的「窮爸爸」。自此之後，他就一直聲稱「富爸爸」是真有其人，要求出版社歸類為「非虛構書籍」。直到2000年受邀上了歐普拉的節目，這個具有十足話題又勵志的「真人真事」就此引爆開來。
In the later 1997 publication of "Rich Dad Poor Dad," the biological father who was once the best teacher became the "Poor Dad" in his words. From then on, he consistently claimed that "Rich Dad" was a real person and demanded publishers categorize it as "non-fiction." Until he was invited to Oprah's show in 2000, this topical and inspirational "true story" exploded.
不過，隨著世界各地讀者和記者們抽絲剝繭之下，許多證據顯示根本沒有富爸爸這號人物。終於在2003年SmartMoney雜誌專訪的時候，羅伯特清崎親自說道：「難道哈利波特是真的嗎？何不讓富爸爸成為一個傳說故事，就像哈利波特一樣？」
However, as readers and journalists around the world investigated, much evidence showed there was no such person as Rich Dad. Finally, in a 2003 SmartMoney magazine interview, Robert Kiyosaki personally said: "Is Harry Potter real? Why not let Rich Dad become a legendary story, just like Harry Potter?"
「作者」羅伯特清崎很有錢？是真材實料嗎？
在出書之前他並不富有。許多談投資理財的書籍作者，都必須聲稱自己擁有龐大的財富，當然這樣才能增加論點的可信度。不過，根據富比士雜誌的調查指出，在1997年之前羅伯特清崎其實根本不富有。
He wasn't wealthy before publishing books. Many authors of investment and financial books must claim to possess vast wealth, as this increases the credibility of their arguments. However, according to Forbes magazine's investigation, Robert Kiyosaki actually wasn't wealthy at all before 1997.
他在1977年創立了皮夾公司、在1980年代創立零售公司，後來相繼倒閉。直到他1985年發展出「現金流遊戲」、甚至寫出《富爸爸窮爸爸》之前，都沒有足夠證據顯示他曾靠房地產致富。後來他進入安麗直銷公司，運用直銷體系推銷現金流遊戲以及自己寫的書。
He founded a wallet company in 1977 and a retail company in the 1980s, which later went bankrupt successively. Until he developed the "Cash Flow Game" in 1985 and even wrote "Rich Dad Poor Dad," there was insufficient evidence showing he had ever become wealthy through real estate. Later he entered Amway, using the direct sales system to promote the Cash Flow Game and his own books.
有錢就是任性？你知道作者曾經惡意「破產」嗎？
這裡談他的第三次破產。前面提到羅伯特清崎的前兩次破產，比較屬於環境與機運的影響，創業失敗在所難免，難得的是東山再起的勇氣和決心。然而，他在2012年第三次的破產，終於敲醒了眾人的警鐘。
Here we discuss his third bankruptcy. The two previous bankruptcies of Robert Kiyosaki mentioned earlier were more due to environmental and circumstantial influences. Business failure is inevitable, and the courage and determination to make a comeback are rare. However, his third bankruptcy in 2012 finally awakened everyone's alarm bells.
他旗下的 Rich Global 公司透過教育機構 Learning Annex 的協助推廣，將系列書籍、現金流遊戲、各地演講推上高峰。之後卻因為積欠費用遭法院判賠2400萬美元給 Learning Annex。為了避免賠償金，他索性宣告 Rich Global 公司破產。
His Rich Global company, with the help of educational institution Learning Annex's promotion, pushed the series books, Cash Flow Game, and various speeches to their peak. Later, due to unpaid fees, the court ordered him to pay $24 million in compensation to Learning Annex. To avoid the compensation, he simply declared Rich Global company bankrupt.
這次的破產，雖然讓他免於天價金額的賠償，沒有傷到他個人資產的一分一毫，但卻賠上了個人的信譽。他完美示範了書中「破產是種策略」的原則，徹底展現了「眼中只有錢的人」想的跟我們真的不一樣。
This bankruptcy, although it spared him from paying the enormous compensation and did not cost him a single penny of his personal assets, came at the expense of his personal credibility. He perfectly demonstrated the principle in his book that “bankruptcy is a strategy,” fully revealing how a person whose eyes are fixed solely on money truly thinks differently from the rest of us.
（資料來源：speaking.com）
